Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects millions globally, including a significant portion of our fellow Filipinos. Whether you have asthma, know someone who does, or simply want to be more informed, this article aims to provide a clear and comprehensive look at asthma, its causes, symptoms, and how to manage it effectively.
What Is Asthma?
In simple terms, asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. When someone with asthma is exposed to certain triggers, their airways become inflamed and narrow, leading to episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or early in the morning. These episodes are often referred to as asthma attacks and can vary in severity from mild to life-threatening. The good news is that with proper management and treatment, individuals with asthma can lead normal, active lives.
How Common Is Asthma in the Philippines?
Asthma is more common in the Philippines than many might realize. According to a 2017 report from the World Health Organization (WHO), about 12% of the Philippine population, which translates to approximately 11 million people, suffer from asthma. Despite the high prevalence, a staggering 98% of Filipino asthma patients continue to lack proper treatment. This statistic underscores the importance of education and awareness about asthma management and the need for accessible healthcare solutions for those affected.
What Are the Common Symptoms Of Asthma?
Understanding the symptoms of asthma is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management. The most common symptoms include:
Coughing (especially at night)
Wheezing (a whistling sound when breathing)
Difficulty breathing
Chest tightness or pain
Trouble sleeping due to breathing problems
These symptoms can vary from person to person and may worsen during physical activities or viral infections. Recognizing these signs early on can prevent asthma from escalating into more severe health issues.
What Causes Asthma?
Asthma is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetics plays a significant role in a person's susceptibility to asthma. If you have a family history of asthma or other allergic conditions, you are more likely to develop the disease. Environmental factors, such as exposure to infections, air quality, and cigarette smoke, also contribute significantly. For example, children exposed to tobacco smoke at home show higher rates of respiratory illnesses and asthma.
What Are the Most Common Asthma Triggers?
Asthma triggers can vary widely among individuals. Some of the most common triggers include:
Allergens: Pollen, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander, and certain food additives.
Irritants in the air: Tobacco smoke, strong odors, air pollution, and chemical fumes.
Respiratory infections: Colds, flu, and other infections.
Physical activity: Intense exercise can induce asthma symptoms in some people.
Identifying and avoiding these triggers is a key step in managing asthma effectively.
How to Keep Asthma Under Control?
Managing asthma involves a combination of strategies aimed at reducing exposure to triggers and maintaining overall health. Here are some essential tips:
Identify and Avoid Triggers: Keeping a detailed asthma diary to track symptoms and identify patterns related to potential triggers can help in developing better avoidance strategies.
Exercise Regularly: While exercise is important for overall health and can strengthen lung function, those with exercise-induced asthma should follow their doctor's advice and use quick-relief inhalers as prescribed.
Proper Medication Use: Ensuring the correct use of asthma medications, such as long-term control inhalers and quick-relief inhalers, is vital. Always follow the prescribed guidelines for medication use.
Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: A balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke contribute significantly to better asthma control.
Vaccinations: Getting vaccinated against influenza and pneumonia is advisable, as respiratory infections can significantly exacerbate asthma symptoms.
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